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Henry Hudson (1570 – 1611) was an English sea explorer and navigator in the early 17th century. Hudson was born in London, England. He is presumed to have died in 1611 in Hudson Bay, Canada, after he was set adrift, along with his son and seven others, by his crewmen following a mutiny. Hudson's early life is fairly unknown, but he is thought to have spent many years at sea. He is said to have begun as a cabin boy at 16 and gradually worked his way up to ship's captain. In 1607, the Muscovy Company of England hired Hudson to find the Northeast Passage to China. Hudson traveled just 577&_160;nautical miles (1,069&_160;km) south of the North Pole and is claimed by Thomas Edge (who was often inaccurate) to have discovered what is now known as Jan Mayen—although there is no cartographical or written proof of this discovery[1]—before turning around and returning home in September. Jan Mayen later became part of the Kingdom of Norway. It was thought at the time that because the sun shone for three months in the north latitudes the ice would melt and a ship could travel across the top of the world to the Spice Islands. The English were battling the Dutch and Spanish for routes. He landed in Svalbard and, later, whaling and coal economies sprang up there. In 1608, Hudson made a second attempt, trying to go across the top of Russia. He made it to Novaya Zemlya but was forced to turn back.
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